12 Types of Columns in Buildings [The MOST Used] - Structural Basics

Are you looking for an alternative column type than in-situ concrete, or you just want to learn about all types that exist?

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I get it, by looking at buildings or structures we don’t really see what material or geometry is used because they are in most cases covered by insulation and cladding.

But also the word column in civil engineering is not 100% clear.

Because there are different categories of columns. In statics, we talk about static systems of columns, while on construction sites columns are differentiated by the material and geometry.

Let’s break it down in this post. We’ll show all types of columns, from static systems to concrete columns, and show the advantages and disadvantages of each one of them.

Without further ado. Let’s talk COLUMNS.

What Is a Column?

Columns are vertical structural elements which resist vertical and/or perpendicular loads. They are characterized by acting in compression. However, tension and bending are also possible. The loads travel through the elements and get distributed further to the next column, slab or foundation. Columns mostly support other columns, beams and slabs.

Columns in Buildings

Columns are primarily used in a building to transfer the vertical loads down to the foundation and then into the soil.

Most of us think of concrete as the material for columns.

So it’s no surprise it’s the first in the list!