AISI

Stands for American Iron and Steel Institute. The institute serves as the voice of the North American steel industry. AISI numbers are used to categorize metals by alloy type and carbon content, and they do it with four digits. The first two digits of an AISI number refer to the alloy type, and the second two digits refer to carbon content.

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ALLOY

A metal made by combining two or more metallic elements. An alloy typically possesses qualities different from those of the components used to create it.

ASM

Stands for American Society for Metals. ASM International is the world’s largest association of metal material engineers and scientists. The association engages and connects materials professionals and their organizations to the resources necessary to solve problems, improve outcomes, and advance society.

ASTM

Stands for American Society for Testing and Materials. ASTM International is a not-for-profit organization that develops standards for materials, products, systems, and services. Metal with an ASTM designation meets the international standards for quality and regulations.

CUT-TO-LENGTH

This process levels coil into a flat sheet or blank. The service provides better length and width tolerances than sheared product, and it can improve diagonal tolerances as well.

DEBURRING

Cutting metals can leave behind burrs, which are unwanted raised edges or protrusions. Deburring is the process of removing these burrs with a tool.

DRAWING

Drawing is a metalworking process that uses tensile forces to stretch metal. As the metal is drawn, it stretches thinner, into a desired shape and thickness.

DRAWING TEMPERATURE

Drawing is usually done at room temperature, classifying it as a cold working process. However, it may be performed at elevated temperatures during special applications like on large wires, rods, or hollow sections in order to reduce forces.

ELONGATION

A metal fabricating term that refers to the degree to which a material can be bent, stretched, or compressed before rupturing. A metal’s elongation is a point between tensile strength and yield strength, and it is typically expressed as a percentage of the original length.

GAUGE

The thickness of sheet metal in the USA is commonly specified by a traditional, non-linear measure known as its gauge. The larger the gauge number, the thinner the metal.

HEAT LOTS OR HEAT NUMBER

A heat number is an identification number that is stamped on a material plate to prove it meets industry quality standards which require materials to be tested by the manufacturer. The heat lot or heat number is used to identify production runs for quality control purposes.

EDGE ROLLING

Edge rolling is the process of adding finishing edges to metal. It forms the edge of a strip to the desired shape beyond that of a standard slit edge.

MIL STD

Stands for Military Standard. This classification establishes uniform engineering and technical requirements for military-unique or substantially modified commercial processes, procedures, practices, and methods. In order to qualify, materials have undergone rugged, exact testing, equal to the exigencies of combat use.

NORMALIZING TEMPERATURE

Normalization is a heat treatment that relieves stress on steel to improve ductility and toughness in steel that may harden after the cold working process. During normalization, steel is warmed to a temperature just above its upper critical point. Normalized heat treatment facilitates a more uniform final product.

ROCKWELL SCALE

The Rockwell Scale indicates the hardness of materials. Rockwell hardness numbers are most often used to describe the hardness of metals, although they are also used for some plastics. The Rockwell scale is based on measuring the depth of the indentation made by pressing a diamond point into a material.

SAE

Stands for Society of Automotive Engineers. SAE International is a global association of engineers and related technical experts in the aerospace, automotive, and commercial-vehicle industries. Materials meeting SAE standards are internationally recognized for safety, quality, and effectiveness.

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SLITTING

Slitting is a precise shearing process, but instead of making cuts at the end of a workpiece like shearing, slitting cuts a wide coil of metal into a number of narrower coils as the main coil is moved through the slitter. During the slitting process, the metal coil passes lengthwise through the slitter’s circular blades.

TEMPER

Temper refers to reheating hardened, normalized, or mechanically worked steel to a temperature below the critical range to soften it and improve impact strength. Tempering results in greater toughness by decreasing an alloy’s hardness.

TENSILE STRENGTH

The maximum stress a material will withstand before fracturing or breaking. The ultimate tensile strength is calculated from the maximum load applied during the test, divided by the original cross-sectional area.

UNS DESIGNATION/NUMBER

Stands for the Unified Numbering System for Metals and Alloys. UNS designation provides a means of correlating internationally used metal and alloy numbering systems currently administered by societies, trade associations, and those individual users and producers of metals and alloys. This system is meant to avoid the confusion caused by using more than one identification number for the same metal or alloy, and the opposite situation of having the same number assigned to two or more different metals or alloys.

YIELD STRENGTH

The amount of stress a material can withstand before causing permanent deformity.

White Papers and Ebooks

Metalcasting resources prepared by the Eagle Group

Our resources include white papers and ebooks on topics of metalcasting, machining and general manufacturing. We design these resources for manufacturing purchasers, executives, engineers and students. By providing information on metalcasting, machining and manufacturing, we hope to increase industry-wide understanding of the decisions involved in metal manufacturing.

All of our metalcasting resources are free to download with registration.

Metalcasting & CNC Machining Process Guide

This comprehensive introduction to metalcasting and CNC machining offers an overview of key manufacturing processes employed by modern metalcasting and CNC machining facilities like the Eagle Group.

• • Introduction to Metalcasting: history, uses and techniques
  • Introduction to Metalcasting: history, uses and techniques
  • Detailed breakdown of shell mold casting, investment casting, permanent mold casting, greensand casting and airset casting
  • Introduction to CNC machining: origins, uses and techniques
  • Detailed breakdown of CNC machining techniques: milling, turning, drilling, sawing and grinding
  • Metalcasting & CNC machining glossary

Raw and Machined Cast Products Buyer’s Guide

Before shopping around for quotes, whether it’s for a new product or an already existing part, take a look at our free buyer’s guide for hints, tricks and best practices. Inside, you’ll find:

• What you need to know about your product
• How to choose a material
• How to choose a casting process
• What to look for in a casting supplier

Shell Molding Process Guide

Prepared by Eagle Alloy, Inc., this Shell Molding Process Guide takes a closer look at the steps involved in shell mold casting.

• Step-by-step walkthrough of the shell molding process
• Comparison to other casting methods
• Shell mold casting buyer’s guide
• Glossary of shell casting terms

Investment Casting Process Guide

Prepared by Eagle Precision Cast Parts, Inc., the Investment Casting Process Guide offers a comprehensive introduction to the history, practice and capabilities of investment casting.

• History of investment casting
• Investment casting process
• Standard tolerances
• Design recommendations
• Detailed case study

CNC Machining Process Guide

Prepared by Eagle CNC Technologies, the CNC Machining Process Guide provides a detailed introduction to the origins and modern practice of CNC machining, along with an overview of metrology principles.

• History of CNC machining
• Key CNC machining techniques:Turning, Milling, Drilling, Boring, Sawing, Broaching, Grinding
• Introduction to metrology, measuring standards and essential metrology tools

Manufacturing with Aluminum: History, Forming Techniques and Best Practices

Prepared by the experts at Eagle Aluminum Cast Products, Inc., Manufacturing with Aluminum makes a great resource for anyone interested in aluminum casting or manufacturing. We assembled all the basic, need-to-know info in one convenient package.

• History of aluminum in manufacturing
• Aluminum properties
• Forming methods
• Aluminum alloy comparison
• Detailed cast aluminum case study

Fabrication-to-Casting Checklist

To find out if your production could benefit from the switch to casting, enter your above to download your copy of the Fab-to-Casting Checklist. Benefits of casting over fabrication often include:

• Cost savings
• Increased strength
• Reduction of materials
• Aesthetic Improvement

Case Study: Reverse Engineering on an Expedited Timeline

This Eagle Alloy case study offers a step-by-step walkthrough of the design, sampling and delivery of cast products manufactured for Cem-Tec Corporation. The study focuses on steps taken to ensure quality and repeatability while sticking to an urgent project timeline.

• The redesign process
• Advanced inspection methods
• Sampling on an expedited timeline
• How we made it work

Case Study: Finding the Perfect Balance

This case study illustrates Eagle Aluminum’s dedication to continuous improvement in quality control methods. Outlining steps taken by Eagle Aluminum operators, management and engineers to significantly reduce factory returns, the study shows the importance of outside-the-box problem solving.

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• Balancing challenges
• The solution: fixture-mounted gages
• Keeping it lean
• Benefits to the whole supply chain

View all Eagle Group resources