How to Choose the Right Corrosion-Resistant Centrifugal Pump

In the vast world of industrial operations, selecting the perfect centrifugal pump for your application can often feel like finding a needle in a haystack. It’s a decision that goes beyond mere specifications; it’s about ensuring longevity, efficiency, and safety in your operations. The cornerstone of this decision-making process? Corrosion resistance. Let’s delve into the essential considerations that will guide you in choosing a centrifugal pump that stands the test of time and chemistry.

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Understanding Fluid Dynamics

The heart of the matter lies in the fluid. The compatibility of pump materials with the fluid to be pumped is paramount, as the battle against corrosion and erosion significantly impacts maintenance costs and operational downtime. Ensuring that all parts in contact with the fluid are crafted from suitable materials is not just important—it’s imperative.

Deciphering Materials of Construction

– Metal Marvels: Metals, with their specific corrosion rates in various fluids, often fit the bill for numerous applications. Yet, when corrosion threatens to upend operations, engineers take a closer look at alternatives. Stainless steel and exotic alloys frequently come to the rescue, offering resilience where standard metals falter.

– The Thermoplastic Vanguard: Enter engineered thermoplastics. Competing head-on with stainless steel in price, their chemical inertness shines in applications where high alloys seemed the only way. From handling aggressive corrosives like bromine to serving industries where metal contamination is a no-go (think ultra-pure water and pharmaceuticals), thermoplastics present a compelling case. They’re also the go-to for managing unpredictable waste streams or those that swing across the pH scale.

The Role of Pump Duty

Identifying the pump’s duty point—a blend of flow rate and head specific to your application—is crucial. This involves considering how fast the liquid moves and the p

pressure it’s under, guiding pump and motor selection.

The Density Dilemma: Specific Gravity (S.G.)

Specific gravity tells us how dense the substance is compared to water, influencing the pump’s head pressure and motor power requirements.

The Flow Factor: Viscosity

Viscosity, or a fluid’s resistance to flow, plays a pivotal role. High viscosity equals high resistance, dictating the need for a pump that can handle the friction without faltering.

Avoiding the Cavitation Trap: NPSH

Ensuring the pump isn’t vulnerable to cavitation requires a thorough check of flow and pressure requirements, safeguarding against air bubble implosions that can damage your pump.

Turning up the Heat: Temperature Considerations

While metals and alloys might bask in high temperatures, thermoplastics and thermosets usually bow out, setting the stage for material selection based on thermal tolerance.

Solid Matters

Solid contents in the fluid? Your pump’s impeller design, mechanical seals, and flushed bearings need to take this into account to prevent blockages and wear.

System Configuration: The Bigger Picture

Finally, the system’s layout, from the number of pumps to their operational speed and orientation, frames the final piece of the puzzle.

In Conclusion

Choosing the right corrosion-resistant centrifugal pump is a nuanced process, blending science with strategic foresight. It’s about more than just moving fluid; it’s about moving forward, efficiently and safely. Armed with these considerations, you’re well on your way to making an informed decision that not only meets but exceeds your process engineering needs.

FLUID

The most critical criterion is the suitability of the material selected for the fluid to be pumped. This is particularly significant as corrosion and erosion directly affect maintenance, repair, and downtime costs. In specifying or purchasing a pump, it is important to make sure that all wetted components are made of proper material.

MATERIALS OF CONSTRUCTION

– METALS

Metals have a fixed rate of corrosion in any given fluid. For many applications, the rate is so low that it is insignificant. However, where metallic corrosion is a factor resulting in excessive maintenance, expensive repair, pump failure, or product contamination, engineers tend to look closely at the selected materials. For many of these applications, stainless steel and exotic alloys are standard.

– ENGINEERED THERMOPLASTICS

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Thermoplastics compete favourably in price with stainless steel, and thus, their chemical inertness has become a major reason to consider them. With installations requiring high alloys or exotic metals, thermoplastics offer significant savings in both initial equipment costs and upkeep.

There are many applications for which thermoplastic pumps are the only reasonable choice. These include:

• handling such corrosives as bromine and strong oxidising acids
• installations that cannot tolerate metallic contamination (eg: ultra-pure water, reagent grade chemicals, and pharmaceutical and electronics industry fluids

Another area where thermoplastic pumps are mandatory is the handling of waste streams with unknown chemical compositions or where composition fluctuates across the full pH spectrum.

PUMP DUTY

The duty point of the application is the point on the pump curve at which the pump operates. It is a combination of flow rate and head for the application. The flow rate is how fast the liquid is being moved by the pump through the system.

The flow and head condition typically determine the pump and motor selection (taking the S.G. and viscosity into consideration).

SPECIFIC GRAVITY (S.G)

Specific gravity, more formally known as relative density, is a measure of the density of the substance in comparison to the density of water. This directly affects the head pressure and the motor power selection.

VISCOSITY

Viscosity is a measure of a fluid’s resistance to flow. It describes the internal friction of a moving fluid. A fluid with large viscosity resists motion because its molecular makeup gives it a lot of internal friction. A fluid with low viscosity flows easily because its molecular makeup results in very little friction when it is in motion.

NET POSITIVE SUCTION HEAD (NPSH)

Checks including flow and pressure requirements to ensure the pump is not at risk of cavitation.

TEMPERATURE

Metals and alloys tend to have a higher temperature tolerance than thermosets and thermoplastics, indeed the primary limitation on the use of thermoplastics is temperature.

SOLIDS

Consider solids in the fluid are accounted for in the impeller design to avoid blockages, the mechanical and seal specification will be dependent on the solids type and flushed bearings will need to consider product or freshwater flush.

SYSTEM CONFIGURATION

System configuration and arrangement, such as the number of pumps, duty/assist/standby, fixed and variable speed, and horizontal or vertical pumps.

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